ArticleEvolution, medicine, and public health2025
'Everyone in my family has C-sections': increased likelihood of caesarean birth in family lineages in the United States.
Article in Evolution, medicine, and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Caesarean birth has multiple, interrelated, and often mutually reinforcing bio-social etiologies. Evolutionary consequences of caesarean are uncertain. The goal of this study is to determine if caesarean births are more likely within family lineages by connecting and comparing lifetime birth experience (caesarean, vaginal) of individual women and generations of their families. A secondary goal is to identify potential parity differences between birth modes. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to evaluate women's birth narratives of their own births and births to their maternal relatives: grandmothers, mothers, sisters, daughters. Participant data was analysed by birth year cohort and by familial generation (Grandmother, Mother, Index, and Daughter). 107 women participated in the study. Parous daughters of women who experienced any caesarean were more likely to experience caesarean than were daughters of women experiencing all vaginal birth (
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