SynthesisFrontiers in sports and active living2025
A multilevel meta-analysis of the effects of repeated sprint training in hypoxia on athletic performance.
Synthesis in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Comparative efficacy of intermittent hypoxic training modalities on athletes' performance: a systematic review with pairwise and network meta-analyses.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Comparison of adaptations to four weeks of continuous hypoxic training between healthy men with lower and higher initial aerobic fitness.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) has emerged as a novel strategy to optimize repeated-sprint ability (RSA), aerobic capacity, and anaerobic performance in athletes. Although numerous studies have explored its efficacy compared with repeated-sprint training in normoxia (RSN), inconsistencies remain regarding overall benefits and modulating factors. Objectives: This study aimed to quantify the overall effect of RSH vs. RSN on athletic performance through a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis and to identify categorical and continuous moderators influencing intervention efficacy. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to January 31, 2025. Randomized controlled trials comparing RSH and RSN were included. Two reviewers independently screened, extracted, and assessed study quality. Random-effects multilevel models were used to calculate Hedges' Results: Eighteen studies ( Conclusion: This meta-analysis confirms that RSH provides a moderate performance advantage over RSN, particularly for repeated-sprint ability. Specific implementation parameters such as moderate hypoxia intensity and sufficient training duration enhance efficacy. These findings offer evidence-based guidance for optimizing high-intensity interval training protocols under hypoxic conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.