ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025
Associations of metabolic heterogeneity of obesity with the progression of cardiometabolic multimorbidity-a nationwide prospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical and metabolic factors associated with response to postoperative radioactive iodine therapy in Chinese obese patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- Metabolic-BMI phenotypes as nutritional risk indicators for osteoarthritis: evidence from a prospective cohort of UK adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that both obesity and metabolic heterogeneity impact cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of different body mass index (BMI)-metabolic phenotypes on the progression of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) remains unclear. Methods: This study utilized baseline data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011, enrolling 5,850 participants for a longitudinal cohort analysis. Laboratory data from 2015 were used to assess 4,471 participants and evaluate the association between BMI-metabolic phenotype transitions (2011-2015) and the incidence of CMM. Participants were categorized into four BMI-metabolic phenotype groups: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHOO), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUOO). Logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders were applied to analyze the relationship between BMI-metabolic phenotypes, their dynamic changes, and CMM incidence. Results: Among the 5,850 participants, 562 (11.15%) developed CMM during the follow-up period. Both overweight/obesity and metabolically unhealthy status significantly accelerated CMM progression. The MUOO group exhibited the highest risk (OR = 3.31, 95% CI: 2.60-4.24; Conclusion: Worsening metabolic health and obesity significantly increase the risk of CMM. Notably, metabolic health plays a more critical role than obesity in predicting CMM incidence. This study highlights the importance of maintaining and improving metabolic health and suggests personalized obesity management strategies based on metabolic status to reduce CMM risk.
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