SynthesisPrenatal diagnosis2025
A Practical Prenatal Ultrasound Classification System for Lower Limb Anomalies-PRELLIM Classification.
Synthesis in Prenatal diagnosis, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Practical Prenatal Ultrasound Classification System for Lower Limb Anomalies-PRELLIM Classification.Prenatal diagnosis · 2025Pooled it
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo address the current lack of a prenatal classification system for fetal lower limb anomalies, we developed and evaluated the PRELLIM (PREnatal Lower LIMb impairment) classification.
methodA systematic literature review was conducted to identify existing classifications. Based on sonographic features, we developed the PRELLIM classification and applied it to a retrospective cohort of fetuses with isolated lower limb anomalies assessed between 2007 and 2024 at Amsterdam UMC's fetal medicine unit.
resultsNo standardized prenatal classification system for lower limb anomalies was found. PRELLIM distinguishes isolated and non-isolated anomalies and categorizes them into clinically relevant subgroups (absent/short, duplication, fusion, contracture, bowing and other). It was applied to 643 fetuses with isolated lower limb anomalies. Contractures were most common (n = 599; 93.2%), followed by poly(syn)dactyly (n = 26; 4.0%), reduction defects (n = 9; 1.5%), bowing (n = 5; 0.8%), and a case of sirenomelia (0.1%). Three additional cases (0.4%) were classified as "other": two lymphangiomas and one amniotic band with lower leg constriction.
conclusionPRELLIM is the first prenatal classification tailored to sonographically detectable lower limb anomalies. It aims to enhance diagnostic consistency, improve interdisciplinary communication, and support prenatal counseling and decision-making.
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