ArticleTransfusion2025
How do I implement a whole blood program with low blood wastage?
Article in Transfusion, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Blood supply continuity and emergency preparedness in natural and man-made disasters and in armed conflicts-The Nordic perspectives.Vox sanguinis · 2026Review
- How do I implement a whole blood program with low blood wastage?Transfusion · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe use of low-titer O whole blood (LTOWB) is requested in the treatment of major bleeding, initially used in military medicine but now increasingly utilized in civilian prehospital care. The advantage is the administration of a balanced transfusion, red blood cells, coagulation factors, and platelets, in one bag. The challenges are the availability of LTOWB and difficulties in predicting the need in major bleeding, leading to the risk of wastage.
methodsThis study describes different logistical strategies when implementing whole blood in the Swedish civilian healthcare. The five transfusion centers producing whole blood in Sweden participated, providing experience of the production line, usage, and wastage.
resultsIn Sweden, LTOWB is used prehospital in helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS), in one physician-manned rapid response vehicle, and inhospital in three University Hospitals. The logistical strategies to reduce wastage vary but involve the rotation of LTOWB not used prehospital to inhospital use in two centers and the preparation of red blood cell (RBC) units from 1 to 2 weeks old LTOWB in three centers. The number of transfused LTOWB units varies between the centers, and wastage was 0%-13% in 4/5 centers and higher in one center, 34%.
conclusionIt is difficult to predict the need of LTOWB, requested in prehospital emergencies. Aiming for low wastage requires different logistical chains, depending on the local prerequisites. In Sweden, LTOWB is either rotated for use in major bleeding in hospital or prepared to RBC units after 1 week prehospital.
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Registered trials
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