Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40909782›Full record

ArticleResearch square2025

Synergistic Angio-Osteogenic Effects of Copper-Releasing 3D Biocomposite Scaffolds: A Step Toward Vascularized Bone Regeneration.

Saman Baghaei, Negar Azarpira, Maryam Paknahad, Ali Mohammad Amani, Hengameh Dortaj, Farhad Koohpeyma, Seyyed Sajad Daneshi, Ehsan Vafa, Ahmad Vaez, Fatemeh Lavaee and 1 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Research square, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Saman BaghaeiStudent Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Negar AzarpiraTransplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Maryam PaknahadOral and Dental Disease Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Shiraz of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Ali Mohammad AmaniDepartment of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Hengameh DortajDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Farhad KoohpeymaEndocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Seyyed Sajad DaneshiStem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Ehsan VafaDepartment of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Ahmad VaezDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Fatemeh LavaeeOral and Dental Disease Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Disease Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Lobat TayebiInstitute for Engineering in Medicine, Health, & Human Performance (EnMed), Batten College of Engineering and Technology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA.

Funding

Supplement: Development of an Integrated 3D Human Osteo-Mucosal ModelR15DE027533 · NIDCR · MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY · PI TAYEBI, LOBAT · 2018 to 2021
$816k
Vascularization of critical-sized craniomaxillofacial defectsR56DE029191 · NIDCR · MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY · PI TAYEBI, LOBAT · 2021 to 2021
$363k
NIDCR NIH HHS R15 DE027533NIDCR NIH HHS R56 DE029191
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Critical-sized bone defects present significant clinical challenges due to inadequate vascularization and scaffold integration. This study developed a multifunctional 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL)-gelatin (Gel) scaffold reinforced with Bioglass particles (BGPs) or copper dopped BGPs (CuBGPs) to synergistically enhance angiogenesis and bone regeneration in rat model. The scaffolds were fabricated by infiltrating gelatin solutions containing BGPs or CuBGPs into the pores of 3D-printed PCL matrices, followed by freeze-drying. Comprehensive characterization of PCL-gel, PCL-gel-BGPs, and PCL-gel-CuBGPs scaffolds revealed optimal porosity (58.76±5.20, 53.27±11.83, and 54.5±7.61%), contact angle (74.53 ±6.6, 71.76±2.65, and 69.89±4.14), and controlled degradation (44.65±4.73, 47.93±2.51, and 50.58±5.68). MTT study demonstrated dose-dependent enhancement of cell proliferation, with BGPs and CuBGPs significantly improving mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) viability by day 5. In vivo experiments in rat calvarial defects showed that Cu containing scaffolds promoted greater new bone volume compared to other groups at 12 weeks. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed robust angiogenesis and woven bone formation, with CuBGPs achieving the highest vasculature. This study provides a detailed and reproducible framework for Cu-doped scaffold fabrication, characterization, and application in critical-sized defect regeneration.

Indexed as

3D-printingAngiogenesisBioglassBone regenerationCopperCritical-sized defect

Identifiers

PMID40909782
PMCPMC12408024

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.