Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40908138›Full record

ReviewBMJ leader2026

4Ps framework: practical actions to protect individual health in the current climate crisis.

Hugh Montgomery, Amir Baniassadi, Wenjia Cai, Ali Kubba, Li Li, Rossella Nappi, Amanda Stucke

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in BMJ leader, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hugh MontgomeryDepartment of Medicine, University College London, London, England, UK h.montgomery@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0001-8797-5019
Amir BaniassadiDepartment of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Wenjia CaiDepartment of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Beijing, China.
Ali KubbaGuy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, England, UK.
Li LiBayer AG, Leverkusen, NRW, Germany.
Rossella NappiDepartment of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Lombardia, Italy.
Amanda StuckeEconomist Impact, London, England, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Climate change driven by anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions represents an immediate and grave threat to human health and survival. Sea level rise, altered weather patterns and increasingly frequent and severe extreme weather events can damage health directly (eg, injury, heat stress, altered aeroallergen and particulate exposure). They also bring indirect health impacts through altered patterns of zoonotic and vectorborne diseases, disruption of food systems and downstream social consequences (economic collapse, mass migration and conflict).Healthcare providers and healthcare workers all need to take immediate action to drive and deliver reductions in GHG emissions, and to help patients in better managing the health impacts brought about by climate change. Here, we propose the '4Ps framework' (Personal, Professional, Pathway-specific and Policy) to empower and facilitate such action.

Indexed as

Anthropogenic EffectsClimate ChangeGreenhouse GasesHealthHealth PolicyAnimalsGreenhouse EffectHumansGreenhouse GasesEducationGPhealthcare planninghealth policymulti-disciplinary

Identifiers

PMID40908138
PMCPMC13479217

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.