Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40908116›Full record

SynthesisPrenatal diagnosis2026

Yield of Whole Genome Sequencing for Pathogenic Single Nucleotide Variants in Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Hiba J Mustafa, Parisa Najjariasl, Faezeh Aghajani, Enaja V Sambatur, Andrew Rodenbarger, Stephanie Guseh, Amy E Roberts, Alireza A Shamshirsaz

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Prenatal diagnosis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Hiba J MustafaDivision of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Fetal Center at Riley Children's and Indiana University Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5611-1231
Parisa NajjariaslShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Faezeh AghajaniFetal Care and Surgery Center, Division of Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Enaja V SambaturFetal Care and Surgery Center, Division of Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Andrew RodenbargerDivision of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Fetal Center at Riley Children's and Indiana University Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4056-1075
Stephanie GusehFetal Care and Surgery Center, Division of Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Amy E RobertsDivision of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Alireza A ShamshirsazFetal Care and Surgery Center, Division of Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6333-3177

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the diagnostic yield of pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) single nucleotide variants (SNVs) using whole genome sequencing (WGS) in congenital heart disease (CHD).

methodsA systematic search of three databases (2000-2024) was conducted, and two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data following PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines. Pooled proportions were calculated using a random-effects model, and study quality was assessed using modified STARD criteria.

resultsFourteen studies were included, comprising 933 CHD cases, of which 165 had P/LP SNVs. The overall diagnostic yield of WGS for P/LP SNVs was 17.83%, with a yield of 9.83% in isolated CHD cases (without other abnormalities) and 22.36% in syndromic cases (with extracardiac anomalies, developmental abnormalities, or distinctive features). Among 105 cases from four studies with negative chromosomal microarray (CMA) results, 20 had subsequently positive findings by WGS, yielding a 20% incremental diagnostic benefit of WGS over CMA.

conclusionsThese findings highlight the utility of WGS in identifying clinically relevant SNVs in CHD and suggest that WGS should be considered in the diagnostic workup of CHD, particularly in syndromic cases, to guide personalized management and multidisciplinary care. PROSPERO REGISTRATION: CRD42025634370.

Indexed as

Heart Defects, CongenitalPolymorphism, Single NucleotideWhole Genome SequencingFemaleHumansPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID40908116
PMCPMC13170038

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.