Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40907650›Full record

ArticleOsteoarthritis and cartilage2025

CX3CR1 modulates acute disc herniation-induced pain via regulating local inflammation and spinal microglia activation.

Li Xiao, Yi Zhang, Yuan Xing, Hanzhi Yang, Mia A Shen, Nina E James, Sun-Sang J Sung, Chia-Yi Kuan, Li Jin, Xudong Li

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Osteoarthritis and cartilage, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Li XiaoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: lx4c@virginia.edu.
Yi ZhangDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Spine Surgery, Spinal Deformity Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China. Electronic address: zhangspine@gmail.com.
Yuan XingDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: yx6b@virginia.edu.
Hanzhi YangDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: hy2jy@virginia.edu.
Mia A ShenDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: mia.s0279@gmail.com.
Nina E JamesDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: ninaejames@gmail.com.
Sun-Sang J SungDepartment of Medicine, Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: sjs5c@virginia.edu.
Chia-Yi KuanDepartment of Neuroscience, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: alex.kuan@virginia.edu.
Li JinDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: lj7q@virginia.edu.
Xudong LiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA. Electronic address: xl2n@virginia.edu.

Funding

Deciphering Macrophage Phenotype and Function in Disc Herniation and associated Back/leg PainR01AR078888 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI XUDONG J. LI · 2022 to 2026
$1.8M
Targeting stage specific influxed monocytes to treat acute and chronic back painR01AR085553 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI Li Jin, XUDONG J. LI · 2025 to 2026
$1.1M
Disc-on-a-chip: microfluidic nutrition and biomechanical loading integrated mouse disc culture systemR21AR072334 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI LI, XUDONG J. · 2018 to 2019
$391k
An ex vivo system to model the inflammatory microenvironment of human disc herniationR21AR078547 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI LI, XUDONG J., POMPANO, REBECCA R · 2021 to 2021
$388k
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR078888NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR085553NIAMS NIH HHS R21 AR072334NIAMS NIH HHS R21 AR078547
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveInflammation is a key driver of disc herniation, a major cause of back pain and disability. Heterogeneous macrophages infiltrated at disc hernia sites, yet their role in disease pathology and pain remains unclear. This study investigates the role of CX3CR1⁺ macrophages and microglia in local inflammation and pain using transgenic mouse models and surgically induced disc herniation model.

methodA lumbar annular puncture model was applied to three global transgenic mouse strains: CCR2

resultsDisc herniation induced peak inflammatory cell infiltration at hernia sites at 1-week post injury, reduced by 4 weeks in both CX3CR1

conclusionsThese findings indicate a mechanistic role of CX3CR1 in mediating inflammation and pain in disc herniation. Targeting CX3CR1 may disrupt the signal interactions between disc, DRG, and spinal cords.

Indexed as

CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1InflammationIntervertebral Disc DisplacementMicrogliaAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalGanglia, SpinalMacrophagesMaleMiceMice, TransgenicSpinal CordCX3C Chemokine Receptor 1Cx3cr1 protein, mouseBack painCCR2CX3CR1MacrophagesMicrogliaRadiculopathy

Identifiers

PMID40907650
PMCPMC12888965

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.