ArticleThe Annals of thoracic surgery2025
Synchronous Primary Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Trends in Management and Factors Associated With Improved Survival.
Article in The Annals of thoracic surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dropout after Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Veterans Health Administration.The Annals of thoracic surgery · 2026Article
- Spread Through Air Spaces in Multiple Synchronous Bilateral Primary Lung Cancer: Prognostic Implications in a Surgical Cohort.Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery · 2026Article
- Chronic military stress and glandular epithelial tumor biology: an integrative neuroendocrine-inflammatory framework with insights from microgravity gene discovery.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOutcomes after multimodality curative-intent treatment of patients with synchronous primary early-stage I non-small cell lung cancer (SPELC) are inadequately understood.
methodsWe performed a retrospective study using the Veterans Health Administration database of patients diagnosed with 2 stage I SPELC tumors who received treatment with either stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) or surgery from 2006 to 2024. We evaluated use of SBRT and surgery as well as factors associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) by Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsA total of 835 patients were included; 294 (35.2%) underwent SBRT-SBRT, 149 (17.8%) received SBRT-surgery, and 392 (47%) underwent surgery-surgery. Patients treated with SBRT had more comorbidities (P < .0001) and were older (P < .0001). Use of SBRT increased from <20% in 2008 to >60% of cases in 2024. The adjusted 5-year OS was 51.7% (SBRT-SBRT) vs 72% (SBRT-surgery) vs 66.7% (surgery-surgery; P < .0001). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that patients who underwent SBRT-SBRT had worse OS (hazard ratio, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.32-2.22), but those in the SBRT-surgery group and surgery-surgery group had similar OS. Adjusted 5-year DFS was 42.7% (SBRT-SBRT) vs 42.6% (surgery-SBRT) vs 57.26% (surgery-surgery). On multivariable analysis, DFS was inferior in the SBRT-SBRT group (hazard ratio, 1.525; 1.198-1.942; P = .0006) and SBRT-surgery group (hazard ratio, 1.530; 1.011-2.314; P = .04) than in the surgery-surgery group.
conclusionsIn veterans with stage I SPELC, there is heterogeneity in outcomes based on treatment modality among other factors. Patients who are selected for surgery for both lesions have the best DFS but similar OS to those who undergo surgery-SBRT.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.