Development, Molecular Docking, and Anti-Anemia Potential of Polyherbal Formulation.

Anemia remains a widespread public health concern, and the search for interventions demonstrating potent anti-anemic activity is critical for reducing its impact among high-risk populations. Conventional iron therapies are associated with several complications and potential adverse effects. This study explored a polyherbal approach to develop a safer and more effective alternative treatment for anemia. A molecular docking study was initially performed to screen and evaluate alizarin, catechin, kaempferol, recesmol, rubiadin, and rutin, which are known for their antioxidant and hematinic potential. Using AutoDock Vina, these compounds were docked against the target protein (PDB ID: 6MOE) with EPE and ferrous ions as controls. Rutin demonstrated the highest binding affinity of -6.4 kcal/moL, whereas alizarin and rubiadin both followed closely with -6.3 kcal/moL, while kaempferol and ellagic acid exhibited a binding affinity of -6.2 kcal/moL. In comparison, the reference compounds tested ferrous ions, and native ligand EPE (-5.0 kcal/moL) and iron (-4.8 kcal/moL), showed mild affinities. Moreover, the tested compounds demonstrated stable binding, suggesting their potential relevance in modulating anemia-related pathways. Based on the docking results and traditional therapeutic values, a polyherbal formulation (PHF) was developed using methanolic extracts of