ArticleNeurology and therapy2025
Real-World Claims Analysis to Characterize the Burden of Tardive Dyskinesia in Long-Term Care Settings.
Article in Neurology and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Adverse outcomes between VMAT2 and anticholinergics in tardive dyskinesia: A target trial emulation.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- Living with tardive dyskinesia: understanding the patient experience.CNS spectrums · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionTardive dyskinesia (TD), a persistent and often debilitating movement disorder, is associated with prolonged exposure to dopamine receptor-blocking agents. Individuals aged ≥ 60 years are at increased risk for TD and TD-related burden (e.g., impaired balance, difficulty swallowing), which can complicate management in long-term care (LTC) settings. We evaluated the prevalence of TD diagnoses and characterized the populations, treatment patterns, and healthcare resource utilization within specific LTC settings.
methodsThis retrospective, longitudinal, observational study used the STATinMED Real-World Insights Database (1/2017-12/2012). Commercial, Medicaid, and Medicare enrollees with a TD diagnosis code who had ≥ 1 LTC stay, continuous claims data capture for ≥ 1 year pre-LTC facility admission, and ≥ 1 year post-LTC facility discharge were included. Demographics and clinical characteristics were captured for 12 months pre-LTC index stay. Clinical outcomes were collected for 12 months post-index LTC stay.
resultsOf 20,176 patients identified, 2294 had ≥ 2 years continuous benefits and were included. Most patients were aged ≥ 65 years (64.6%), female (67.3%), and Medicare enrollees (76.8%). Mean Charlson Comorbidity Index score was 3.72 (standard deviation: 4.2) for all patients, suggesting high comorbidity burden. Two-thirds (66.1%) of the population had mood disorders, and antidepressants were the most widely used medication (56.1%). Polypharmacy was prevalent: nearly half (47.9%) of the population was prescribed ≥ 3 medications with central nervous system properties, which can increase risk of falls and cognitive impairment in older adults; 64.8% of patients had ≥ 1 emergency department visit any time post-LTC stay.
conclusionsOur findings demonstrated individuals with TD in LTC settings have a high comorbidity burden and polypharmacy, particularly for medications with anticholinergic properties. Further investigation is warranted to evaluate the impact of TD in older adults in LTC settings and explore interventional practices that can improve clinical outcomes, such as falls with injury and activities of daily living decline.
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