ArticleJournal of feline medicine and surgery2025
Antibody responses to feline leukaemia vaccination: exploring the effect of sex, boosting schedule, site of administration and vaccine type.
Article in Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Antibody responses to inactivated (adjuvanted) and attenuated (non-adjuvanted) feline panleukopaenia virus vaccination, including in different injection sites.Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
ObjectivesHistorically, vaccines have been administered in the dorsal interscapular region of cats (the 'scruff' of the neck) owing to easy access to the subcutaneous space. In response to concerns about sarcomas developing at injection sites (feline injection site sarcomas [FISSs]), and a possible association between feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) vaccination and the development of FISS, alternative FeLV vaccination sites such as the distal left hindlimb and tail have been proposed by influential vaccination bodies and various key opinion leaders. There is a dearth of evidence, however, to demonstrate the development of a comparable immune response after FeLV vaccination in these sites.MethodsThis field study was undertaken to investigate the FeLV anti-surface unit (SU) antibody response in FeLV-uninfected cats inoculated with one of three different FeLV vaccines (Fel-O-Vax 5, Fel-O-Vax Lv-K or Leucogen FeLV), administered in one of three different anatomical locations ('scruff', left distal hindlimb or tail). Kittens were sampled at three different time points, 1 month apart (T0, T1, T2) and again 12 months later (T12). Testing with a published anti-SU ELISA to detect FeLV-A and FeLV-B antibody responses to vaccination was performed. Antigen p27 testing, PCR testing to detect FeLV proviral DNA and neutralising antibody (NAb) testing to identify any FeLV-infected or FeLV-exposed animals were also performed.ResultsA total of 125 kittens were recruited and allocated into one of nine vaccine groups, with 105 kittens completing the initial course of vaccinations and blood draws, and 83 cats returning for T12 sampling. No progressive or regressive FeLV infections were detected in the entire kitten or adult cohorts. A total of 14 (11%) kittens and two (2%) adults tested FeLV NAb-positive. Females had higher (approximately 1.6-fold) post-vaccinal FeLV-A and FeLV-B antibody concentrations compared with males (
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