ArticleCureus2025
Life-Threatening Hyponatremia, Hyperkalemia, and Shock in Infancy: Not Always Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia, though uncommon in infancy, are potentially life-threatening electrolyte disturbances. We discuss a case of secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) in a six-month-old male presenting with recurrent vomiting, severe hyponatremia (119 mmol/L), hyperkalemia (6.6 mmol/L), and metabolic acidosis (bicarbonate: 9 mmol/L). The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated with hypotension and respiratory distress requiring intensive care and mechanical ventilation. Investigations identified an Escherichia coli urinary tract infection (UTI), and further laboratory tests revealed markedly elevated serum renin and aldosterone levels, consistent with secondary PHA associated with UTI in infancy. This report explores the incidence, proposed pathophysiology, and management strategies for secondary PHA. Additionally, we provide information to aid in differentiating among the potential causes of similar biochemical abnormalities, including congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), in pediatric patients.
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