Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40904921›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

Development of a physical literacy assessment framework for Chinese preschool children: a Delphi-AHP approach.

Xiaojuan Tao, Junkai Zhang, Xiaotian Wang, Yuliu Tao, Mingming Guo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiaojuan TaoPhysical Education and Sports School, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Junkai ZhangDepartment of Physical Education, College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
Xiaotian WangDepartment of Physical Education, College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
Yuliu TaoPhysical Education and Sports School, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Mingming GuoDepartment of Physical Education, College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Physical literacy (PL) during early childhood is crucial for establishing a foundation for lifelong physical activity and holistic development. However, China currently lacks a developmentally appropriate and culturally relevant PL framework for preschool-aged children. This study aimed to develop such a framework using a modified Delphi method and determine the relative importance of its components through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Method: The study employed a multi-phase design comprising a literature review, expert interviews, and two rounds of Delphi surveys with 40 experts across relevant fields. Items were retained if they met the 80% agreement threshold or were justified based on expert consensus and developmental relevance. The AHP was conducted using YAAHP software to calculate the relative weights of indicators at all levels. Results: The finalized framework comprises four core dimensions-motivation and confidence, physical competence, knowledge and understanding, and physical activity participation-encompassing 15 first-level and 49 second-level indicators. Dimensional weights were relatively balanced, with motivation and confidence (25.68%) and physical activity participation (25.52%) slightly exceeding physical competence (25.38%) and knowledge and understanding (23.42%). Conclusion: This study presents the first national PL framework specifically designed for Chinese preschoolers. It provides theoretical grounding and practical guidance for future PL assessments and early intervention strategies. The inclusion of risk prevention behaviors and 24-h movement behaviors-physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep-marks a significant advancement over existing models.

Indexed as

ExerciseHealth LiteracyChild, PreschoolChinaDelphi TechniqueEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansMaleMotivationChinaDelphi methodframework developmentphysical literacypreschool children

Identifiers

PMID40904921
PMCPMC12401909

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.