ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2025
Trends Analysis of Sexually Transmitted Infections Before and After Human Immunodeficiency Virus Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the United States 2001-2022.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence and epidemiological patterns of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in sub-Saharan Africa, 1964-2025: Systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions.PLoS medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and epidemiological patterns of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in Canada, 1969-2025: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence, incidence and risk factors of syphilis among men who have sex with men in China from 2013 to 2025: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Seek and you shall find! Prevalence and trends of chlamydial and gonococcal infections in a high-density urban area in Italy around the COVID era: a laboratory-based survey.Sexually transmitted infections · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Jordan: prevalence, incidence, and clearance from a national laboratory dataset, 2014-2025.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Syphilis epidemiology in Jordan: prevalence, incidence, and seroreversion from 15 years of laboratory-based data.Scientific reports · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: The correlation between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) usage and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains equivocal. Limited studies have investigated national STI trends after introducing PrEP. We aimed to examine STI incidence before and after PrEP introduction and explore correlations with PrEP use in the United States. Methods: PrEP usage data (2012-2022) were obtained from AIDSVu, and STI data (2001-2022) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's STI Statistics Archive. We used the coefficient of determination to estimate variance in STI rates explained by PrEP usage. We used cross-correlation to identify lagged correlations and segmented linear regression to examine STI trends by demographics before and after PrEP initiation. Results: Syphilis rates increased by 0.2/100 000 people annually before 2012 and by 1.4/100 000 persons after PrEP introduction. Gonorrhea rates dropped by 2.9/100 000 people before 2012 but rose by 14/100 000 afterward. The slope for chlamydia dropped from 20.9 to 6.6. The coefficients of determination for syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia attributable to PrEP usage were 0.98, 0.88, and 0.2, respectively. Lagged correlations were significant for chlamydia, but not for syphilis and gonorrhea. Overall, STI rates were more strongly correlated with PrEP usage among males than females. Conclusions: We found significant changes in the rate of incident STIs from 2012 to 2022 and a high correlation between PrEP usage and reported cases of syphilis and gonorrhea. Given the role of PrEP in comprehensive HIV prevention in the United States, its impact on rates of STI infection should be further studied.
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