Observational studyJournal of the International AIDS Society2025
Bone health in a U.K. cohort of youth living with perinatally acquired HIV-1: a longitudinal study.
Observational study in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Risk factors associated with adverse metabolic health in youth with perinatally acquired HIV living in the United Kingdom.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Observational
- Bone Mineral Density in HIV-Infected People-the Experience of Craiova Regional Center.Biomedicines · 2025Article
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8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionLow bone mineral density (BMD) has been described in children and young people with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV), which may be related to both traditional (e.g. low body mass index and malnutrition) and HIV-related risk factors (e.g. longstanding exposure to HIV and antiretroviral therapy [ART], with immune suppression, chronic immune activation and inflammation). Here, we evaluate BMD in a U.K. cohort of young people with PHIV by age and ART.
methodsThis longitudinal, observational study was conducted at a U.K. tertiary PHIV service between November 2018 and March 2022. Bone health was assessed in 130 individuals aged 15-19 (n = 50), 20-24 (n = 50) and 25 years and older (n = 30) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, bone mineralization and turnover markers. Low BMD was defined as lumbar spine (LS) and/or femur-BMD z-score below -2, relative to age, sex and ethnicity-matched U.K. population-based normative controls. Two-year follow-up evaluation was performed in those aged 15-19 (n = 42) and 20-24 years (n = 43) at enrolment, which included a group who switched from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) ART at baseline. Bayesian logistic regression models examined predictors of low BMD and the effect of ART-backbone on BMD accrual.
resultsAt baseline, 57% were female and 82% of black ethnicity, with 31 (24%) on TDF-ART. Sixteen (12%) had low baseline BMD. Over a median follow-up duration of 26 (interquartile range [IQR] 25-29) months, BMD accrual was lower-than-expected in those aged 15-19 years (mean change LS-BMD z-score -0.15 (standard deviation [SD] 0.44)), when compared to normative controls. No associations were seen with HIV parameters or the ART regimen. Participants who switched to TAF-ART had similar BMD accrual 26 (IQR 24-32) months post switch, when compared to those on non-TAF/TDF-ART (mean change LS-BMD z-score TAF -0.01 [SD 0.41] vs. non-TAF/TDF -0.03 [SD 0.54]).
conclusionsWhile rates of low BMD were reassuringly low in this cohort, lower-than-expected BMD accrual was observed in younger individuals, relative to normative controls. Overall, BMD accrual on TAF-ART was non-inferior to non-TAF/TDF-ART.
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