Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40904215›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of school health2025

A Novel Survey for Assessing Health-Promoting School Practices and Capacity: Validation and Adaptability to Physical Activity.

Anneke Vang Hjort, Adrian Bauman, Sofie Rolff Carlsen, Johanne Triantafyllou Lorenzen, Charlotte Demant Klinker

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of school health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Anneke Vang HjortCentre for Childhood Health, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-6710-411X
Adrian BaumanSchool of Public Health, Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0369-4621
Sofie Rolff CarlsenSystems Approaches in Public Health, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.ORCID 0009-0007-9890-3388
Johanne Triantafyllou LorenzenSystems Approaches in Public Health, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
Charlotte Demant KlinkerSystems Approaches in Public Health, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-3252-8366

Funding

Hjerteforeningen
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUnderstanding current practice is crucial for implementing Health Promoting Schools (HPS) and Whole School Approaches to Physical Activity (WSA-PA). This study validated two survey tools to assess HPS and WSA-PA implementation, respectively.

methodsContent validity was established via literature review and expert and target group consultations. Teachers at Danish schools for vulnerable youth (ages 16-25) completed surveys in fall 2023. Structural validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, construct validity via the Multitrait-Multimethod (MTMM) approach, and reliability with Cronbach's Alpha, Omega H, and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient.

resultsA total of 921 staff at 78 schools participated (72% response rate). The HPS scale had 24 items, while the WSA-PA had 21 across various subfactors, such as school ethos, health services, and resources. Statistical analyses demonstrated good structural validity (e.g., RMSEA = 0.023 for HPS, RMSEA = 0.043 for WSA-PA) and acceptable reliability. MTMM confirmed both convergent and discriminant validity. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: These tools can help schools monitor and improve HPS and WSA-PA implementation, supporting equity and informing national policies.

conclusionThe validated tools can guide schools in enhancing HPS and WSA-PA practices. Further research should refine these instruments.

Indexed as

Health Care SurveysProgram EvaluationPsychometricsSchool Health ServicesAdolescentAdultDenmarkFemaleHumansMaleReproducibility of ResultsSchoolsYoung Adulthealth‐promoting schoolimplementation assessmentmeasurement toolsphysical activitysurvey validationwhole school approach

Identifiers

PMID40904215
PMCPMC12621173

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.