ArticleMedical physics2025
Risk-minimizing tube current and tube voltage modulation for CT: A simulation study.
Article in Medical physics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Influence of Off-Centre Positioning, Scan Direction, and Localiser Projection Angle on Organ-Specific Radiation Doses in Low-Dose Chest CT: A Simulation Study Across Four Scanner Models.Journal of imaging · 2026Article
- Risk-minimizing tube current and tube voltage modulation for CT: A simulation study.Medical physics · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe optimal tube voltage in clinical CT depends on the patient's attenuation and the imaging task. Although the patient's attenuation changes with view angle and longitudinal position of the X-ray tube, the tube voltage remains constant throughout the scan in current clinical practice. In general, the optimum tube voltage increases with patient diameter. For iodine-enhanced scans, the tube voltage is ideally low to increase contrast. However, 70 kV, the lowest clinically available tube voltage today, can not always be used due to tube current restrictions. PURPOSE: To determine the additional relative reduction in effective dose of a tube voltage modulation in addition to a tube current modulation for unenhanced and iodine-enhanced CT scans.
methodsFor patient models based on CT scans, the effective dose was simulated per projection for different voltages using Monte Carlo simulations. Using these dose data and analytical estimations of noise and iodine contrast, tube voltage and tube current curves were optimized for circular scans. For unenhanced scans, the dose-weighted noise was minimized, and for iodine-enhanced scans, the dose-weighted contrast-to-noise ratio (CNRD) was maximized. The effective dose values of the optimized tube voltage and tube current curves (riskTCTVM) were compared at the same noise or same contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) to a pure tube current modulation minimizing the effective dose (riskTCM) and to conventional mAs-minimizing tube current modulation (mAsTCM).
resultsFor unenhanced scans, riskTCTVM reduces the effective dose by less than
conclusionsFor unenhanced scans, tube voltage modulation in addition to a modulated tube current yields a negligible effective dose benefit. However, for iodine-enhanced circular scans, all studied anatomical regions from shoulder to pelvis would benefit from tube current and tube voltage modulation if X-ray generators with voltages down to 50 kV were available at sufficient tube power. For a lowest voltage of 70 kV, riskTCTVM can considerably reduce the effective dose for eccentric anatomies in the shoulder and the pelvis.
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