ArticleReproductive health2025
Vitamin D insufficiency in pregnant women from Lebanon: prevalence and key predictors.
Article in Reproductive health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Maternal-infant vitamin D coupling and neonatal hypocalcemia: a six-year cohort integrating preterm risk, onset timing, and pandemic effects.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- A decade-long assessment reveals persistent vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors in early-pregnant women from northern China (2016-2025).Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSuboptimal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) during pregnancy can have adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
aimThis study aimed to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant females in Lebanon and to identify its risk factors.
methodsThis is a cross-sectional study involving pregnant females identified during their first-early second trimester visit to obstetricians in two centers in Beirut. We collected blood samples, anthropometric measurements and lifestyle data. We measured maternal serum 25OHD and used the data to explore possible determinants of deficiency.
resultsWe tested 25OHD levels of 548 females; 270 from American University of Beirut Medical Center and 278 from Bahman hospital. Mean age was 29 ± 5 years and 41.5% were nulliparous. Mean serum 25OHD was 15.4ng/ml and 72.3% had levels < 20 ng/ml. Levels were significantly lower at Bahman hospital, 12.9ng/ml versus 18.1ng/ml at American University of Beirut Medical Center, p-value 0.001. The risk of having 25OHD < 20ng/ml was significantly higher in females from Bahman hospital, those who were veiled, those who smoked and had higher pre-pregnancy body mass index, with a trend for significance for early pregnancy body mass index. This risk decreased for older females, those with higher education, employed females, and those screened during summer/fall. Multivariable logistic regression showed that veiling and younger age were significant risk factors for 25OHD < 20 ng/ml.
conclusionVitamin D deficiency is prevalent in pregnant females from two centers in Beirut. Our findings emphasize the importance of proper screening and supplementation of vitamin D to ensure adequacy throughout pregnancy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.