ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2025
Incidence of Heart Failure in Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Other Pacific Islander Populations.
Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Transforming Advanced Heart Failure Programs: Addressing Institutional and Systemic Drivers of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care.Circulation. Heart failure · 2026Review
- Heart Failure Quality of Care Among Asian Patients in the United States.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAsian American, Native Hawaiian, and Other Pacific Islander (AANHPI) persons comprise ∼10% of the U.S. population-24 million people-yet a significant gap exists in contemporary data on incident heart failure (HF).
objectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of HF across disaggregated AANHPI individual groups.
methodsWe identified adults aged ≥30 years without cardiovascular disease (CVD) within Kaiser Permanente Northern California and Kaiser Permanente Hawaii from 2012 to 2022. Incident HF through 2023 was defined as a hospitalization, ≥3 clinic visits, or death attributed to HF based on validated diagnostic codes from electronic health record and mortality data. We reported age-sex-adjusted incidence per 1,000 person-years with 95% CIs by AANHPI individual groups and calculated adjusted HRs for incident HF in each individual group compared with non-Hispanic White individuals.
resultsAmong 2,652,271 adults without CVD, mean age was 49 ± 15 years and 53% were women. CVD risk factor prevalence was high, including hypertension (22%), dyslipidemia (26%), diabetes (7%), and overweight/obesity (56%). Distribution of self-reported racial/ethnic breakdown and rates of incident HF per 1,000 person-years were 6.8% Chinese (2.64; 95% CI: 2.55-2.73), 7.3% Filipino (5.07; 95% CI: 4.93-5.22), 2.4% Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander (8.75; 95% CI: 8.31-9.21), 1.7% Japanese (3.07; 95% CI: 2.91-3.24), 0.8% Korean (2.44; 95% CI: 2.15-2.74), 3.5% South Asian (5.46; 95% CI: 5.1-5.84), 1.9% Vietnamese (3.05; 95% CI: 2.74-3.37), 1.0% other Southeast Asian (4.71; 95% CI: 4.1-5.36), and 74.5% non-Hispanic White (4.52; 95% CI: 4.49-4.56). Adjusting for age, sex, CVD risk factors, and neighborhood socioeconomic status, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, and other Southeast Asian adults had lower risk of incident HF, whereas Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander and South Asian adults had higher risk compared with non-Hispanic White adults.
conclusionsMost AANHPI individual groups had lower adjusted risk of incident HF compared with non-Hispanic White adults, with Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander and South Asian adults being notable exceptions. Our findings underscore the importance of disaggregating AANHPI populations to better understand risk profiles and mediators of incident HF.
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