Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40902604›Full record

ArticleCell host & microbe2025

A prophage intercepts pathogenic activity of infecting phage for defense.

Molly R Sargen, Sophie Helaine

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell host & microbe, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Molly R SargenDepartment of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Sophie HelaineDepartment of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: sophie_helaine@hms.harvard.edu.

Funding

The physiological activation and consequences of Toxin-Antitoxin systems in SalmonellaR01AI155552 · NIAID · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI HELAINE, SOPHIE · 2021 to 2025
$2.5M
The Dynamics of DNA in Salmonella Persisters in MacrophagesF31AI176589 · NIAID · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI SARGEN, MOLLY RENEE · 2023 to 2025
$87k
NIAID NIH HHS F31 AI176589NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI155552
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacteria counter bacteriophage threats using diverse anti-phage systems often encoded on prophages within hotspots for accessory genes. These prophages must ensure that encoded defense systems do not inhibit their spread. Here, we discover two anti-phage defense elements, RemS and PokE, encoded within the Gifsy-3 prophage of Salmonella enterica Typhimurium 14028 that restrict phage infection without affecting the lytic cycle of Gifsy-3. RemS, an ATPase, is expressed from a hotspot for accessory genes in lambdoid phages. PokE is a small membrane-depolarizing protein/peptide encoded within the Gifsy-3 lysis cassette. During infection by phage BTP1, pokE transcription is specifically driven by the Q antiterminator of BTP1, as the infecting phage prepares to express its lysis genes. PokE then disrupts the BTP1 lytic cycle through abortive infection. Altogether, this work uncovers how a prophage repurposes an essential feature of phage lytic cycles to both detect and respond to a phage-specific essential pathogenic activity.

Indexed as

ProphagesSalmonella PhagesSalmonella typhimuriumAdenosine TriphosphatasesLysogenyViral ProteinsAdenosine TriphosphatasesViral Proteinsanti-phage defenseantiterminationeffector-triggered immunityhost-pathogen interactionsphage competitionprophageSalmonella

Identifiers

PMID40902604
PMCPMC12422711

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.