ReviewNanomedicine (London, England)2025
Emerging lipid nanoparticle systems capable of efficient intramuscular RNA delivery.
Review in Nanomedicine (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Development and Preclinical Safety Evaluation of an Injectable β-Caryophyllene Nanoemulsion.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- RNA-Based Therapeutic Strategies in Multiple Myeloma: From Molecular Targets to Delivery and Clinical Translation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Nanomedicine: Monitoring and Modulating the Tumor Microenvironment for Precision Cancer Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) enable RNA delivery, primarily via intramuscular (IM) injection, catalyzing breakthroughs like the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. LNPs encapsulate RNA, using ionizable lipids for endosomal escape and PEG-lipids for stability. IM administration leverages muscle tissue's immune-rich environment, enabling localized antigen production, reduced systemic toxicity, and scalability. Challenges include cold-chain dependence, RNA instability, and immunogenicity from PEG/lipids. Future advancements, driven by AI (e.g. AGILE platform), hybrid lipid-polymer systems, and stimuli-responsive formulations, aim to enhance controlled release and stability. Innovations like thermostable lyophilized LNPs and biodegradable materials promise improved accessibility and safety. Beyond pandemics, LNPs hold potential for accelerating vaccines against HIV and malaria, and advancing personalized medicine through CRISPR therapies and cancer neoantigen vaccines. Interdisciplinary efforts in chemistry, immunology, and AI are poised to expand RNA therapeutics for genetic disorders, infectious diseases, and precision oncology. Evolving from emergency tools to mainstream platforms, LNPs herald a paradigm shift toward equitable access and tailored treatments for unmet clinical needs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.