Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40901006›Full record

ReviewInfection and drug resistance2025

Antimicrobial Peptides: Mechanisms, Applications, and Therapeutic Potential.

Mohammed Alzain, Hussam Daghistani, Taghreed Shamrani, Yousef Almoghrabi, Yassir Daghistani, Ohood S Alharbi, Ahmad M Sait, Mohammed Mufrrih, Wafaa Alhazmi, Mona Abdulrahman Alqarni and 11 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Infection and drug resistance, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. DualFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. The KW18 peptide acts as a dual antimicrobial and immunomodulatory therapeutic candidate in the context of antimicrobial resistance.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  13. Pep5-Cpp, a Cyclin D2-Derived Antimicrobial.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Nanosystems for delivery of indolicidin peptide.Frontiers in medical technology · 2026
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Mohammed AlzainDepartment of Biochemistry, faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Hussam DaghistaniDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Taghreed ShamraniDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-8138-6782
Yousef AlmoghrabiDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Yassir DaghistaniDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Ohood S AlharbiDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-8720-5054
Ahmad M SaitRegenerative Medicine Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed MufrrihDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-6834-2379
Wafaa AlhazmiDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-5322-0953
Mona Abdulrahman AlqarniDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Bandar Hasan SalehDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-3205-2986
Manal A ZubairDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Noha A JumaDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Hatoon A NiyaziDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Hanouf A NiyaziDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Waiel S HalabiDepartment of Optometry, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-6198-5566
Rawan AltalhiDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23445, Saudi Arabia.
Imran KazmiDepartment of Biochemistry, faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-1881-5219
Hisham N AltaybDepartment of Biochemistry, faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Karem IbrahemDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0009-0005-9473-3591
Abdelbagi AlfadilDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-4070-6257

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short protein fragments that function as an innate immune response across diverse life forms. Structurally, AMPs exhibit diverse configurations, including α-helical, β-sheet, mixed, and random-coil forms, enabling a variety of mechanisms to combat pathogens. The mechanisms of action of AMPs encompass membrane disruption and inhibition of critical cellular processes, highlighting their broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. AMP activity extends to anti-tumor and anti-HIV activities, further emphasizing their therapeutic potential. Purifying AMPs from natural sources can be challenging due to posttranslational processing. Fortunately, chemical synthesis has the advantage of producing high yield and pure AMPs, but the reaction efficiency diminishes as the molecular weight of peptides increases. Advances in computational tools and curated databases have further accelerated AMP discovery and engineering. While commercially available AMP-based antibiotics and in vivo efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria demonstrate their clinical relevance, several limitations still hinder the widespread use of AMPs such as low stability and toxicity to human cells. This review provides a comprehensive overview of AMP origins, characteristics, mechanisms, applications, and future prospects in combating infectious diseases with a particular focus on the clinical applicability of AMPs and their prospects as potent alternative to traditional antibiotics.

Indexed as

AMPsAMP structureanti-HIV peptidesantimicrobial peptidesanti-tumor peptidespeptide synthesis

Identifiers

PMID40901006
PMCPMC12399857

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.