Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40900714›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

Electronic cigarette use in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study on emerging trends and public health concerns.

Farah Kais Alhomoud, Ayat Almuhayshi, Roqaia Altarouti, Tuqa Abushaheen, Faten Alhomoud, Noor Alotaibi, Dana Alsugeir, Khalid A Alamer, Yousef Alqarni, Basmah Alfageh and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Farah Kais AlhomoudDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Ayat AlmuhayshiDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Roqaia AltaroutiDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Tuqa AbushaheenDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Faten AlhomoudDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Noor AlotaibiDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Dana AlsugeirDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Khalid A AlamerDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Yousef AlqarniDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Basmah AlfagehDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Hailah AlmoghirahDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Fahad AlsulamiClinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has become increasingly popular worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia, especially among younger individuals. This study investigates the patterns, motivations, and perceptions of e-cigarette use to inform public health interventions and policy. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study surveyed traditional cigarette smokers and ex-smokers above 18 in Saudi Arabia using an online questionnaire distributed via social media with convenience and snowball sampling. The tool, adapted from validated sources and refined through expert review and pilot testing, captured demographic data, smoking behaviors, perceptions, motivations, and patterns of e-cigarette use. Closed-ended questions ensured consistency in responses. A power analysis was conducted to determine the required sample size. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, one-way ANOVA, correlation analyses, and multinomial logistic regression were applied ( Results: Findings revealed that e-cigarette use was significantly higher among younger males ( Conclusions: E-cigarette use is widespread among younger males in Saudi Arabia, driven by socioeconomic factors and perceptions of safety. Despite these perceptions, adverse effects like shortness of breath and chest pain were frequently reported. Comprehensive public health measures, including nicotine regulation, sales restrictions, taxation, and education, are urgently needed. Collaboration between the health and education sectors, along with continuous monitoring and research, is crucial for guiding effective national strategies.

Indexed as

Electronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsPublic HealthVapingAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMotivationSaudi ArabiaSocioeconomic FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adulte-cigarettesnicotinepublic health policySaudi Arabiasmoking cessation

Identifiers

PMID40900714
PMCPMC12401102

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.