ArticleAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2025
Chronic Pain in Parkinson's Disease: Prevalence, Sex Differences, Regional Anatomy and Comorbidities.
Article in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- The role of botulinum toxin in the multimodal management of pain in Parkinson's disease: a scoping review.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Pain-related disability in functional neurological disorder (FND): the role of pain intensity and psychological factors.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Insights from a cross-sectional population-based study of 10,929 Australians living with Parkinson's disease: risk factors, comorbidities, and sex differences.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- Potential Effects of Music on Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease: Translating Mechanisms to Therapy.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Endotoxins and Metabolic Endotoxemia in Obesity and Associated Noncommunicable Diseases: A Focus on Sex Differences.Biomolecules · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveChronic pain is prevalent among people living with Parkinson's disease (PD). We analyzed data from 10,631 Australian individuals with PD to assess the prevalence, age and sex differences, severity, anatomical distribution, clinical history, and associated factors.
methodsWe analysed data from 10,631 participants with PD enrolled in the Australian Parkinson's Genetics Study (APGS), an ongoing nationwide cohort. Participants completed an online or paper-based questionnaire assessing sociodemographic factors, PD-related variables, and chronic pain characteristics. Chronic pain was defined as pain persisting for more than 3 months and occurring most days or daily. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and group comparisons using chi-squared tests, Fisher's exact tests, and independent samples t-tests.
resultsTwo-thirds (66.2%) reported chronic pain, with females experiencing higher prevalence (70.8%) and severity (4.7 vs. 4.3 on a 10-point scale). Common pain sites included the buttocks (35.6%), lower back (25.4%), neck (19.4%), and knees (17.2%). Chronic pain was strongly linked to comorbid depression, sleep disorders, and osteoarthritis (p < 0.05). Environmental exposures such as pesticides, heavy metals, and alcohol were associated with higher pain prevalence, especially in males (p < 0.05).
interpretationThese findings emphasise the substantial burden of chronic pain in PD, highlighting sex differences and strong links to multimorbidity. Further research is warranted to clarify sex-specific treatments and identify novel therapeutic targets.
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Registered trials
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