Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40898288›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2025

Experiences of extreme weather and mental health in climate-vulnerable communities: results from a large-scale survey of women living in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya.

Haley E Brown, Anna K Balakrishnan, Kianna M Stamps, Lena M Obara, Susan S Witte, Samantha C Winter

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Haley E BrownUniversity of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 8622 Kennel Way, CA, 92037, La Jolla, USA. hb3480@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2522-0793
Anna K BalakrishnanSchool of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
Kianna M StampsSchool of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
Lena M ObaraSchool of Social Work, The State University of New Jersey, 120 Albany St, New Brunswick, 11 NJ, Rutgers, 08901, USA.
Susan S WitteSchool of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
Samantha C WinterSchool of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY, 10027, USA.

Funding

Investigating associations and mediating effects between climate and mental health and violence in informal settlements in KenyaR21MH127356 · NIMH · COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE · PI WINTER, SAMANTHA C. · 2022 to 2023
$347k
NIMH NIH HHS R21MH127356
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Climate change is a major global health threat with significant impacts on mental health, especially among vulnerable populations. Residents of informal settlements-characterized by inadequate infrastructure and housing-are particularly at risk due to their exposure to extreme weather and limited access to healthcare. This study investigates the association between experiences of extreme weather and mental health among women residing in two large informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. Using cross-sectional survey data from 800 women, we found significant associations between anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (PHQ-9) and women's experiences of colder-than-usual temperatures (Anxiety β = 0.75, p = 0.03; Depression β = 0.82, p = 0.03) and droughts (Anxiety β = 3.22, p = 0.001; Depression β = 2.90, p = 0.01). This study demonstrates how self-reported experiences of extreme weather are associated with mental health challenges among marginalized populations, and highlights the value of experiential data in identifying climate-related vulnerabilities.

Indexed as

AnxietyClimate ChangeDepressionExtreme WeatherMental HealthVulnerable PopulationsAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansKenyaMiddle AgedYoung AdultClimate changeExtreme weatherInformal settlementsMental healthVulnerable populationsWomen

Identifiers

PMID40898288
PMCPMC12403442

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.