Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40898226›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Health of black children and youth in canada: a scoping review.

Chiedozie James Alumona, Aloysius Nwabugo Maduforo, Oluwagbohunmi Adetunji Awosoga, Nicole A Johnson, Shannon D Scott, Caitlin McClurg, Dominic A Alaazi, Bukola Salami

Abstract readScoping Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Chiedozie James AlumonaDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Aloysius Nwabugo MaduforoDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. aloysius.maduforo@ucalgary.ca.
Oluwagbohunmi Adetunji AwosogaFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
Nicole A JohnsonDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Shannon D ScottFaculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Caitlin McClurgLibraries and Cultural Resources, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Dominic A AlaaziSchool of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Bukola SalamiDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Funding

Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council 895-2024-1017
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBlack children and youth in Canada experience significant health inequity due to systemic racism, socioeconomic inequities, and inadequate access to culturally responsive healthcare services, affecting their overall well-being. This scoping review mapped and synthesised empirical evidence on the health of Black children and youth in Canada to inform policy and practice.

methodsThe review followed Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Seven databases (Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, Academic Search Complete, and SocINDEX) were searched for empirical studies published in peer-reviewed journals. Studies were included if they focused on Black children and youth (0-30 years) residing in Canada and their findings were synthesised thematically.

resultsA total of 56 health-related studies were included. The included studies were conducted across all the Canadian provinces and territories between 1993 and 2024, with 87.5% based in a single province and 48.2% published between 2021 and 2024. Quantitative studies accounted for 55.4% of the total. The health conditions identified included sickle cell disease, preterm birth, HIV, pediatric lupus, and mental health disorders such as depression, PTSD, and psychosomatic symptoms (reported in up to 81.7% of participants in one study). Racism was a prominent social determinant contributing to health conditions and barriers to healthcare access. Cultural practices and religiosity protected the Blacks from engaging in risky lifestyles while contributing to the distorted view of some illnesses.

conclusionA high variety of health conditions were identified, with racism being a key determinant of health for Black children and youth in Canada. Culturally responsive, anti-racist health policies, community-led health education, and equitable access to services are critical to improving health outcomes.

Indexed as

Black PeopleChild HealthHealth Status DisparitiesAdolescentCanadaChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHealthcare DisparitiesHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleYoung AdultAfricanCanadian African immigrantsCaribbeanHealth inequityRacismSocial determinant of health

Identifiers

PMID40898226
PMCPMC12403537

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.