Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40898089›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025

Challenging the notion of Aedes aegypti as the primary chikungunya virus vector: insights from Kédougou, Southeastern Senegal.

Alioune Gaye, Moussa Moïse Diagne, Diawo Diallo, El Hadji Ndiaye, Marie Henriette Dior Ndione, Moussa Gaye, Idrissa Dieng, Madeleine Dieng, Mouhamed Kane, Safietou Sankhe and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Alioune Gaye *Zoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal. Alioune.GAYE@pasteur.sn.
Moussa Moïse Diagne *Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Diawo DialloZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
El Hadji NdiayeZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Marie Henriette Dior NdioneVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Moussa GayeZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Idrissa DiengVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Madeleine DiengVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Mouhamed KaneVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Safietou SankheVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Babacar DioufZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Faty Amadou SyZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Caroline WeldonWorld Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Ibrahima DiaZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Scott C WeaverWorld Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Mawlouth DialloZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.

Funding

West African Center for Emerging Infectious DiseasesU01AI151801 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI Robert W Cross, Scott C Weaver · 2020 to 2026
$10.1M
NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI151801
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChikungunya fever (CHIK) caused by the mosquito-borne chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and transmitted by Aedes (Ae.) mosquitoes, remains a public health burden throughout the tropics. During the CHIK outbreak in southeastern Senegal in August 2023, an entomologic investigation was conducted to identify the vector(s) and characterize the virus strains.

methodsAdult mosquitoes were collected indoors and outdoors from houses of confirmed CHIK cases and their immediate neighborhoods using Prokopack aspirators and double-net traps and all water containers were inspected for aquatic stages. Mosquito pools were tested for CHIKV by RT-qPCR and positive samples were subjected to whole genome sequencing using Illumina iSeq system.

resultsAnimal watering points, bricks, and tree holes were the most common sites for Ae. aegypti larvae and pupae. While immature Ae. aegypti were found in all affected villages, with Breteau and Container indices exceeding the WHO epidemic thresholds, Ae. furcifer emerged as the most abundant host-seeking species collected in domestic areas. CHIKV was detected in 31 mosquito pools, primarily in Ae. furcifer (22 pools) and only one pool of Ae. aegypti. Other Ae. species accounted for 8 positive pools and Anopheles (An.) gambiae complex, the primary malaria vector, one pool. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the close relationship between 2023 CHIKV strains circulating in humans and mosquitoes, and those responsible for the 2015 outbreak.

conclusionsOur study highlights the urgent need to include sylvatic mosquitoes in surveillance and control programs that until now have mainly focused on Ae. aegypti. Moreover, the potential role of An. gambiae in the CHIKV transmission in Senegal warrants further investigation.

Indexed as

AedesChikungunya FeverChikungunya virusMosquito VectorsAnimalsDisease OutbreaksFemaleHumansLarvaPhylogenySenegalAedes furciferChikungunya amplificationChikungunya outbreakEpidemic chikungunya vectorSylvatic Aedes vectors

Identifiers

PMID40898089
PMCPMC12406470

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.