ReviewPsychonomic bulletin & review2025
Bits of confidence: Metacognition as uncertainty reduction.
Review in Psychonomic bulletin & review, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Information-Theoretic Measures of Metacognitive Efficiency: Empirical Validation with the Face Matching Task.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
How do people know when they are right? Confidence judgments - the ability to assess the correctness of one's own decisions - are a key aspect of human metacognition. This self-evaluative act plays a central role in learning, memory, consciousness, and group decision-making. In this paper, I reframe metacognition as a structured exchange of information between stimulus, decision-maker (the actor), and confidence judge (the rater), akin to a multi-agent communication system. Within this framework, the actor aims to resolve stimulus uncertainty, while the rater seeks to infer the accuracy of the actor's response. Applying techniques from information theory, I develop three novel measures of metacognitive efficiency: meta-
Indexed as
Identifiers
40897919What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.