SynthesisNature human behaviour2025
Efficacy of digital interventions for smoking cessation by type and method: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Nature human behaviour, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Use of Mobile Technologies for Smoking Cessation Among Smokers and Former Smokers: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Factors Influencing the Uptake of Digital Health Interventions for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Among Healthcare Providers: A Systematic Review.Global heart · 2026Pooled it
- #EnufSnuff.TXT-FirstResponder: a pilot randomized controlled trial of a text message intervention for smokeless tobacco cessation among First Responders.Frontiers in public health · 2025Trial
- Smoking cessation in emergency departments: a reality check.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- A life-course map of health risks associated with exposure to second-hand smoke.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- A novel prognostic model integrating the skeletal muscle index and systemic immune-inflammation index improves outcome prediction in unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.The British journal of radiology · 2026Article
- Neuropharmacology of Nicotine Addiction and Therapeutic Strategies for Smoking Cessation.Biology · 2026Review
- Tobacco Use Trajectories and Associated Changes in Biometrics and Sleep During the First 72 Weeks of Wearable Membership: Observational Cohort Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Observational
- Smoking cessation after first STEMI enhances infarct healing: a cardiac MRI study.European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging · 2026Article
- Smoking cessation in adolescents and effective strategies: a position paper.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Efficacy of a WhatsApp-based program for nicotine and tobacco cessation among young people: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Developing a Machine Learning Model for Personalized, Predictor-Centric, Adaptive Intervention for Vaping Cessation in Young People: Secondary Data Analysis of Smartphone App Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Adapting and Implementing a School-Based "Implementation Intentions" Program Within FRESHAIR4Life to Prevent Smoking Initiation Among Adolescents in Greece: A Study Protocol.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Internet use, socioeconomic status, and smoking behaviors among Chinese men: A secondary longitudinal dataset analysis of the China Family Panel Study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- A Telegram-based behavioral intervention for smoking cessation after myocardial infarction: A study protocol of a pragmatic, single-blind, randomized trial.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2026Article
- Strengthening tobacco cessation across the primary health sector in the Americas: progress, gaps, and opportunities since 2007.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2026Article
- Psychological mechanisms of behavioral change: Trajectories of self-efficacy and motivation among Tunisian health science students using a mobile application to quit smoking - A prospective observational study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Applying self-determination theory to behavior change technologies: insights from two projects in the health domain.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Effective smoking cessation interventions in people with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Smoking cessation is the only evidence-based approach to reducing tobacco-related health risks, yet traditional interventions suffer from limited coverage. Although digital interventions show promise, their comparative efficacy across methodological frameworks and technology types remains unclear. Here we assessed digital interventions versus standard care via frequentist random-effects network meta-analysis of 152 randomized controlled trials (48.8% USA, 7.5% China). Interventions were categorized by methodology and technology type, with cross-matched subgroup analyses. Results showed that personalized interventions significantly improved smoking cessation rates compared with standard care (relative risk (RR) 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54-2.24), while group-customized interventions were more effective (RR 1.93, 95% CI 1.30-2.86) compared with standard digital interventions (RR 1.50, 95% CI 1.31-1.72). Among the various technology types, text message-based interventions were the most effective (RR 1.63, 95% CI 1.38-1.92). Intervention effectiveness was also influenced by age, with middle-aged individuals benefitting more than younger individuals. Short- and medium-term interventions were more effective than long-term interventions. Sensitivity analyses further confirmed these low-to-moderate findings. However, this study has some limitations, including methodological heterogeneity, potential bias and inconsistent definitions of numerical interventions. In addition, long-term follow-up data remain limited. Future studies require large-scale trials to assess long-term sustainability and population-specific responses, as well as standardization of methods and integration of data at the individual level.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.