Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40897497›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Establishing a framework of measurement for use in Long COVID research and practice: protocol for a scoping review involving evidence review and consultation.

Kiera McDuff, Anne Bhéreur, Zeal Kadakia, Vicente F Corrales-Medina, Douglas P Gross, Tania Janaudis-Ferreira, Grace Lam, Hiten Naik, Theone S E Paterson, Diana C Sanchez-Ramirez and 26 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

36 authors.

Kiera McDuffDepartment of Physical Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada kiera.mcduff@utoronto.ca kelly.obrien@utoronto.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-6919
Anne BhéreurDepartment of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Zeal Kadakia *Department of Physical Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Vicente F Corrales-Medina *Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Douglas P Gross *Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2427-6277
Tania Janaudis-Ferreira *School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Grace Lam *Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7366-193X
Hiten Naik *Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Theone S E Paterson *Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-1991
Diana C Sanchez-Ramirez *Department of Respiratory Therapy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1637-4309
Maxime Sasseville *Faculty of Nursing, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Anisha Sekar *Patient-Led Research Collaborative, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Sunita Vohra *Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Mark Bayley *Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Susan Birch *PossAbility: ME, Long COVID & Work, N/A, N/A, Canada.
Jason W Busse *Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0178-8712
Jill I Cameron *Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4161-1572
Cara Kaup *Long COVID Physio, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Angela Cheung *Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Katie Churchill *Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Heather Edgell *Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, York University - Keele Campus, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8865-1921
Susie Goulding *COVID Long-Haulers Support Group Canada, Cambridge, Ontario, Canada.
Clayon Hamilton *Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Susan Jaglal *Department of Physical Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2930-1443
Pawan Kumar *Saskatchewan Centre for Patient-Oriented Research, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Adeera Levin *Division of Nephrology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Daniel Munblit *Division of Care in Long Term Conditions, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.
Florian Naye *Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6545-7018
Margaret O'Hara *Long COVID Support, London, UK.
James Plaismond *Faculty of Nursing, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Mark Rutledge *Rehabilitation Science Research Network for COVID, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Jean-Marc Wilfried Supper *Faculty of Nursing, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Kieran Quinn *Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1681-5170
Marina B Wasilewski *Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1198-2292
Annette WilkinsRealize, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Kelly K O'BrienDepartment of Physical Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada kiera.mcduff@utoronto.ca kelly.obrien@utoronto.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1632-6537

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionOur aim is to develop a Framework of Measurement for people living with Long COVID and their caregivers for use in Long COVID research and clinical practice. Specifically, we will characterise evidence pertaining to outcome measurement and identify implementation considerations for use of outcome measures among adults and children living with Long COVID and their caregivers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will conduct a scoping study involving: (1) an evidence review and (2) a two-phased consultation, using methodological steps outlined by the Arksey and O'Malley Framework and Joanna Briggs Institute. We will answer the following question: What is known about outcome measures used to describe, evaluate or predict health outcomes among adults and children living with Long COVID and their caregivers? EVIDENCE REVIEW: we will review peer review published and grey literature to identify existing outcome measures and their reported measurement properties with people living with Long COVID and their caregivers. We will search databases including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Scopus for articles published since 2020. Two authors will independently review titles and abstracts, followed by full text to select articles that discuss or use outcome measures for Long COVID health outcomes, pertain to adults or children living with Long COVID and/or their caregivers and are based in research or clinical settings. We will extract data including article characteristics, terminology and definition of Long COVID, health outcomes assessed, characteristics of outcome measures, measurement properties and implementation considerations. We will collate and summarise data to establish a preliminary Framework of Measurement. Consultation phase 1: we will conduct an environmental scan involving a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire among individuals with experience using or completing outcome measures for Long COVID, to identify outcome measures not found in the evidence review and explore implementation considerations for outcome measurement in the context of Long COVID. Consultation phase 2: we will conduct focus groups to review the preliminary Framework of Measurement and to highlight implementation considerations for outcome measurement in Long COVID. We will analyse questionnaire and focus group data using descriptive and content analytical approaches. We will refine the Framework of Measurement based on the focus group consultation using community-engaged approaches with the research team. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Protocol approved by the University of Toronto Health Sciences Research Ethics Board (protocol #46503) for the consultation phases of the study. Outcomes will include a Framework of Measurement, to enhance measurement of health outcomes in Long COVID research and clinical practice. Knowledge translation will also occur in the form of publications and presentations.

Indexed as

COVID-19Outcome Assessment, Health CareCaregiversChildHumansPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeResearch DesignSARS-CoV-2Scoping Reviews as TopicCaregiversPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeSurveys and QuestionnairesSystematic Review

Identifiers

PMID40897497
PMCPMC12406873

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.