ArticleBMJ open2025
Non-pharmacological interventions for delirium in critically ill children: a scoping review.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Circadian rhythms in pediatric neurocritical care: interfaces and opportunities.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesDelirium is one of the most common forms of acute cerebral dysfunction in critically ill children, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The aim was to identify studies describing or evaluating non-pharmacological interventions to prevent or treat paediatric delirium.
designScoping review. DATA SOURCES: Searches were performed in Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Ovid (Journals), EMBASE and Web of Science from January 2000 to April 2023. A hand search and update were conducted on 01 June 2024. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: We included studies involving critically ill children (0-18 years) in intensive care settings that examined non-pharmacological interventions for the prevention or treatment of paediatric delirium. Only empirical studies and reviews with transparent methodology were considered. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Title and abstract screening and full-text review of articles were conducted by two reviewers based on prespecified inclusion criteria. Two reviewers extracted relevant information from the included studies in tabular form. Extracted variables included publication year, title, author(s), country, setting, population and age, design, sample size, intervention components, outcome(s) and findings.
resultsNine studies were included. In total, 16 different intervention components were identified. The most frequently reported components for preventing and treating paediatric delirium were promoting mobilisation, encouraging family presence and involvement, improving sleep, and standardised instruments or checklists for underlying aetiology. Most intervention studies were before-and-after studies; overall, seven different outcomes were used. Study results regarding the effects of delirium were inconsistent.
conclusionsVarious non-pharmacological interventions are currently described to mitigate paediatric delirium, but the underlying evidence is limited. High-quality intervention research using relevant and comparable outcomes is needed to evaluate the effect of non-pharmacological interventions. Despite employing a comprehensive search strategy, we must consider the possibility that relevant articles were overlooked.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.