ArticleIranian journal of basic medical sciences2025
Effects of Nrf-2/HO-1, NF-κB/Cox-2/TLR-4, and Bax/Bcl-2/caspase-3 pathways in alleviating azithromycin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats: Potential cardioprotective role of crocin.
Article in Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Obovatol induces apoptosis in breast cancer by downregulating the PI3K/Akt pathway.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Is Crocin Effective in Modulating Blood Lipid Levels? An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Dose- and Time-Response Assessments.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of crocin against azithromycin (AZ)-induced cardiotoxicity. Materials and Methods: The experimental design consisted of four groups: Control, crocin, Azithromycin, and crocin plus Azithromycin (AZ+CR 50). To evaluate oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in cardiac tissue, a combination of biochemical, molecular, and histological techniques was employed. Biomarkers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were assessed to determine anti-oxidant status, while malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were measured as indicators of oxidative damage. Protein levels of inflammatory markers NF-κB and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and apoptotic regulators Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 were quantified. Results: Crocin treatment effectively attenuated AZ-induced oxidative stress by enhancing anti-oxidant enzyme activity and reducing MDA and AOPP levels. Furthermore, crocin significantly down-regulated the expression of NF-κB and TLR-4 proteins, indicating reduced inflammation. The proapoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3, which were elevated following AZ exposure, were markedly decreased by crocin co-treatment. Conversely, the reduced expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 caused by AZ was restored by crocin. In addition, AZ administration led to increased levels of COX-2 and MAPK-3, both of which were down-regulated following crocin treatment. Histological analysis revealed that crocin reduced degenerative and necrotic changes in heart tissue caused by AZ. Conclusion: These findings suggest that crocin exerts cardioprotective effects against AZ-induced damage by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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