ArticleCities (London, England)2025
Twenty-five-year changes in alcohol environment in US metropolitan areas: Examining patterns by area level sociodemographic characteristics.
Article in Cities (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Urban Foodscape in Transition: Spatiotemporal Characteristics in Healthy and Unhealthy Food Outlets and Socioeconomic Disparities in Wuhan During 2012-2022.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Limiting the availability of alcohol is one of the most effective approaches for reducing alcohol misuse and its health consequences. However, few studies have examined the changing trajectories of alcohol environment characterized jointly by on- and off-premises outlets and their sociodemographic disparities. We aimed to (1) explore 25-year profiles of changes in the alcohol environment in urban areas in the U.S.; and 2) examine sociodemographic disparities in these changes. We used parallel-process latent class growth analyses to identify profiles of changes in the alcohol environment, based on the availability of both on-premises and off-premises outlets. We employed conditional multinomial models to examine associations between profiles of change in the alcohol environment and sociodemographic characteristics at census tract level. We identified 6 distinct profiles that outlined variations in availability of on- and off-premises alcohol outlets and change trajectories, and found variability in these trajectories across racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Tracts with a higher percentage of Blacks and other minoritized populations had higher odds of being in alcohol environment classes featuring high/medium density of alcohol outlets and increasing trends of on-premises outlets. Additionally, tracts with lower income and lower percentage of residents with college degree had higher odds of having medium and high density of alcohol outlets and increasing in on-premises outlets over time. Differences by area level income and education were greater for Blacks and other minority racial/ethnic groups. Since alcohol outlets often require licensing to open, our results suggest that policy-level interventions are needed to reduce racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities.
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Registered trials
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