ArticleCureus2025
Analytical Geometry Description, Clinical Node Distribution, and Geometric Performance of ZAP-X and Its Comparison With Gamma Knife.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
In radiotherapy, it is increasingly common to find specialized devices in different treatment techniques. The ZAP-X is a radiosurgery system which features a sophisticated and complex geometric design that allows to deliver a high dose of precisely targeted radiation while minimizing the radiation effect on the surrounding normal brain tissue. Its combination of yoked gimbals allows a maximum theoretical geometric efficiency of [Formula: see text] steradian solid angle coverage, which means that it is possible to cover 71% of the surface around the patient's head, making the ZAP-X the commercially available radiosurgery system with the largest beam coverage. While irradiation is possible from any angle in the Treatment Delivery System (TDS), collision-free space is limited in the Treatment Planning System (TPS), so the geometric performance that the ZAP-X can achieve in clinical practice is different and smaller than the theoretical geometric efficiency of the system. However, it has greater geometric efficiency (71%) and higher clinical geometric performance (39%) than the Gamma Knife system (31%). A general analytical geometric description of the gyroscopic system is provided, analyzing the movement and the different combinations of positions of its gantries to finally calculate its geometric efficiency, both from a theoretical and clinical point of view, and compare it with the Gamma Knife system.
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