ArticleCureus2025
Diagnostic Performance of CSF Interleukin-10 in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Retrospective Study.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unraveling the immune microenvironment in primary CNS lymphoma.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Multiple presentations: a single pathology, primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). A multicenter study.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrimary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) remains a diagnostic challenge due to its radiological overlap with other brain lesions and limitations of stereotactic biopsy, particularly following corticosteroid exposure. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a cytokine frequently elevated in PCNSL and has emerged as a potential diagnostic biomarker, yet reported cut-off values vary widely, limiting clinical application.
objectiveTo determine the diagnostic accuracy of CSF IL-10 for differentiating PCNSL from other brain lesions by estimating the optimal cut-off, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), and to explore its potential prognostic value. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe conducted a retrospective observational study of 115 patients who underwent lumbar puncture for diagnostic workup of brain lesions at a tertiary referral center between 2015 and 2020. CSF IL-10 levels were measured using a standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) protocol. Patients with prior corticosteroid use, HIV infection, insufficient CSF, or lacking a definitive diagnosis were excluded. Diagnostic performance was assessed via ROC analysis. The association between CSF IL-10 and progression-free survival (PFS) was explored in patients with histologically confirmed PCNSL receiving standard therapy.
resultsSixty-three patients were diagnosed with PCNSL, and 52 with alternative pathologies, including gliomas, demyelinating diseases, and infections. The mean CSF IL-10 level was significantly higher in PCNSL patients (109.9 pg/mL) compared to non-PCNSL (12.6 pg/mL). Using a cut-off of 20.05 pg/mL, CSF IL-10 showed a sensitivity of 93.7% (95% CI: 84.8-97.5%) and specificity of 88.5% (95% CI: 77.0-94.6%), with an AUC of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91-0.99). The positive predictive value was 90.8% and the negative predictive value was 92.0%. Higher IL-10 levels were modestly correlated with shorter PFS (R
conclusionsCSF IL-10 quantification may serve as a minimally invasive, high-yield adjunct in the diagnosis of PCNSL, particularly when biopsy is delayed or contraindicated. However, as both the diagnostic cut-off and prognostic correlation were derived from the same retrospective cohort, prospective validation is essential prior to clinical adoption.
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