ArticleNpj biological timing and sleep2024
Light exposure differs by sex in the US, with females receiving less bright light.
Article in Npj biological timing and sleep, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Blunted light exposure amplitudes in patients with opioid use disorder.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2026Article
- Associations between habitual light exposure-related behaviors and sleep timing and sleep complaints in an international community sample.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Family History and Solar Insolation in Bipolar I Disorder.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Auxiliary data, quality assurance and quality control for wearable light loggers and optical radiation dosimeters.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2026Article
- Associations between respiratory health, reported traffic, and occupational-related exposure.European clinical respiratory journal · 2026Article
- Otolith Deterioration: Factors Affecting Microvascular and Structural Integrity.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Sex Distributions in the Most Frequent Autosomal Genetic Causes of Retinitis Pigmentosa.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Characteristics of objectively-measured naturalistic light exposure patterns in U.S. adults: A cross-sectional analysis of two cohorts.The Science of the total environment · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
Light is the primary entraining cue for the circadian system and has other, non-circadian, effects on health. Sex differences in light exposure patterns could drive sex differences in health outcomes. Real-world light exposure (measured with wrist-worn ActiGraph GT3X+) was investigated in the 2011-2014 U.S.-based National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with metrics reflecting duration in and timing of exposure at different light levels. Sex differences were tested using two-sample t-tests and linear regression models. Occupational and physical activity-related factors were also explored as contributing factors using linear regression models adjusted for age, season, and race/ethnicity. 11,314 NHANES participants (age range: 3-80+, 52.2% females) were included in the analysis. The results show males spending approximately 52% more time in bright light than females, with this sex difference beginning in childhood. While further research is needed, these findings may be due to sex differences in indoor vs. outdoor activities.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.