Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40895745›Full record

ArticleRSC advances2025

A novel sensitive electrode based on a chitosan/rGO/CuO composite for the detection of urea concentration.

Irwana Nainggolan, Ardiansyah Sembiring, Tulus Ikhsan Nasution, Rahmadhani Banurea, Reka Mustika Sari, Andriayani, Rozyanty Rahman, Bing Li, Rica Asrosa, Khatarina Meldawati Pasaribu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in RSC advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. A chitosan/rGO/FeRSC advances · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Irwana NainggolanDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 Indonesia irwana@usu.ac.id.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0214-7132
Ardiansyah SembiringDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 Indonesia irwana@usu.ac.id.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8437-512X
Tulus Ikhsan NasutionCenter of Excellent for Greenhouse Gas Emission Control, Universitas Sumatera Utara 20155 Medan Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6930-1483
Rahmadhani BanureaDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 Sumatera Utara Indonesia.
Reka Mustika SariResearch Center for Food Technology and Processing, National Research and Innovation Agency Gunungkidul Yogyakarta Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8995-4788
AndriayaniDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 Indonesia irwana@usu.ac.id.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6687-4224
Rozyanty RahmanSchool of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis Malaysia.
Bing LiInstitute for Materials Discovery, University College London London WC1E 7JE UK.
Rica AsrosaDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 20155 Sumatera Utara Indonesia.
Khatarina Meldawati PasaribuResearch Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN) Cibinong 16911 Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3411-6864

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chitosan/reduced graphene oxide/copper oxide (CS/rGO/CuO) films were successfully deposited on a screen-printed electrode (SPE) surface by applying the electrodeposition technique and were utilized in detecting urea concentration using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The current study presents a novel sensitive electrode based on CS/rGO/CuO used to detect urea fertilizer. The characterization of the prepared samples was conducted using FTIR, XRD, and cyclic voltammetry. FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed that rGO and CuO were successfully dispersed in the CS matrix. The FE-SEM morphology showed a slight agglomeration, which was caused by physical interaction among CS, rGO and CuO. The CS/rGO/CuO-modified SPE had an increased electrochemical performance compared with the CS-modified SPE. Our reported study revealed that the CS/rGO/CuO 0.8%-modified SPE has extremely promising electrochemical performance. The sensing properties of CS/rGO/CuO in various concentrations of urea were studied using CV. In this study, the obtained sensitivity and

Identifiers

PMID40895745
PMCPMC12395036

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.