Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40895251›Full record

ArticleHealth science reports2025

Eye Focusing Ability Can Predict Glycated Hemoglobin Level of Type-1 Diabetes Patients.

Bright Vandyke Okyere, Benedict Ayobi, Hope Katumba, Samuel Abokyi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health science reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Bright Vandyke OkyereDepartment of Optometry, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Free State Bloemfontein South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-2423-3971
Benedict AyobiMaisha Eye Centre Kigali Rwanda.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8570-0613
Hope KatumbaDepartment of Optometry Mzuzu University Malawi.
Samuel AbokyiSchool of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-1340

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Aims: Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes. However, current tests are complex, invasive, costly, and often met with low compliance. This study aimed to find whether simple clinical, noninvasive measures of the ocular accommodation function may predict the glycated hemoglobin results in type-1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: In a single-examiner-blind study, Near Point of Accommodation (NPA) and Lag of Accommodation (LoA) were compared between type-1 diabetes patients and controls. NPA was measured by the push-up-to-blur method, LoA by the Monocular Estimation Method (MEM) retinoscopy, and glycated hemoglobin was recorded with a Point-of-Care (POC) HbA1c analyzer. The independent Results: Diabetic patients had a receded mean NPA (15.16 ± 4.53 cm) compared to controls (9.48 ± 1.43 cm; Conclusions: The study found eye accommodation was significantly affected in recent type-1 diabetes patients, indicating its sensitivity to diabetes. SEM using these ocular measures accounts for one-third of HbA1c variance. Thus, accommodative function assessments could be a simple, noninvasive, and cost-effective method for evaluating HbA1c levels. LoA is not a good predictor of HbA1c.

Indexed as

amplitude of accommodationdiabetesglycated hemoglobinnear point of accommodationnoninvasive measure

Identifiers

PMID40895251
PMCPMC12391012

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.