Factors Predicting Medication Adherence in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Medication adherence is crucial for effective management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the medication adherence rates among patients with COPD is generally low due to various influencing factors. This study aimed to identify predictors of medication adherence among Vietnamese patients with COPD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Central Vietnam. A total of 104 patients diagnosed with COPD were conveniently recruited between March and June 2022. Data were collected using three structured questionnaires, including demographic and health-related characteristics form, the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire, and the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS). Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Chi-square test, univariate logistic regression analysis, and multivariable logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: Up to 41.3% of participants adhered to medication. Medication adherence was higher among younger individuals, those with education levels above high school, those with fewer medications, and those who held a stronger positive belief about the necessity of medication. Conclusion: The overall medication adherence rate was moderate. It was significantly influenced by age, educational level, number of medications, and beliefs about the necessity of medication. These findings suggest that healthcare providers should prioritize identifying and supporting patients who are at risk of non-adherence. Moreover, intervention programs should aim to enhance patients' awareness of the necessity of medication in managing COPD.