Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40894125›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025

The relative contribution of close-proximity contacts, shared classroom exposure and indoor air quality to respiratory virus transmission in schools.

Nicolas Banholzer, James Daniel Munday, Philipp Jent, Pascal Bittel, Lorenzo Dall'Amico, Lavinia Furrer, Charlyne Bürki, Tanja Stadler, Matthias Egger, Tina Hascher and 2 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Nicolas BanholzerInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-0138-6120
James Daniel MundayDepartment of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-6206-7134
Philipp JentDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-1838-9208
Pascal BittelInstitute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-0416-3996
Lorenzo Dall'AmicoISI Foundation, Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7493-6421
Lavinia FurrerInstitute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Charlyne BürkiDepartment of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0009-0007-3849-7795
Tanja StadlerDepartment of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-6431-535X
Matthias EggerInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-7462-5132
Tina HascherInstitute of Educational Science, University of Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-2987-2470
Ciro CattutoISI Foundation, Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9526-4364
Lukas FennerInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-3309-4835

Funding

Observational Antiretroviral Studies In Southern Africa (OASIS) CollaborationU01AI069924 · NIAID · UNIVERSITAT BERN · PI Cleophas Chimbetete, Mary-Ann Davies · 2006 to 2026
$55.9M
NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI069924
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Close-proximity interactions are considered a key risk factor for respiratory virus transmission, but their importance relative to shared space and air quality remains unclear. We conducted a six-week longitudinal study in a Swiss secondary school (67 students, aged 14-15). We detected 87 infections in saliva samples and recorded absences to identify plausible transmissions, excluding implausible ones through genomic analysis. Time in close proximity (within 1.5 metres) was measured using wearable sensors and air quality via CO

Indexed as

air qualitygenomicsrespiratory virusesschooltransmissionwearable sensors

Identifiers

PMID40894125
PMCPMC12393643

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.