Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40893738›Full record

ArticleF1000Research2025

Novel Method for Routine Ultrasound-Guided Serum Collection for Biomarker Analysis Around the Knee Joint.

Stefan Kluzek, Oliver O'Sullivan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in F1000Research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Stefan KluzekCentre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research, Versus Arthritis, Nottingham, England, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0696-7541
Oliver O'SullivanAcademic Unit of Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9184-4713

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Biomarkers are essential tools in modern medicine, allowing stratification and monitoring of clinical care and treatment response. While systemic blood biomarkers, typically collected from the antecubital vein (AV), are widely used, their sensitivity for joint-specific pathologies such as osteoarthritis (OA) may be limited due to systemic dilution. At present, no serum biomarker reliably reflects the microenvironment of an affected joint in clinical practice. Although synovial fluid (SF) assessment can provide insights into localised pathology and are clinically used for diagnosis in crystal arthropathies and joint infections, their collection is invasive, painful, and carries risks, including infection, making repeated sampling impractical, limiting utility for monitoring treatment responses. This study introduces a novel ultrasound-guided venous sampling technique targeting the saphenous vein (SV) proximal to the knee joint as a less invasive alternative to SF aspiration, hypothesising that it may better reflect the joint-specific microenvironment. Methods: A standardised gel model was used to train medically qualified researchers in ultrasound-guided venepuncture of vescles around 2-15 mm in diameter. Subsequently, 32 participants consented to blood sampling from the SV above the knee, with a proximally applied tourniquet to dilate vein diameter for easier venepuncture collection. Results: The technique achieved serum collection in over 80% of consented individuals with minimal adverse effects (including n=2 minor bruising and n=1 transient nerve irritation). Key procedural insights included optimal site selection, appropriate pressure application, and effective tourniquet use. Discussion: This method demonstrates feasibility, acceptability, and the potential for more localised sample collection, advancing biomarker research. Further validation, including paired SF comparisons, is required to confirm diagnostic utility and develop therapeutic strategies for joint-specific conditions.

Indexed as

BiomarkersBlood Specimen CollectionKnee JointAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSaphenous VeinSynovial FluidUltrasonographyBiomarkersBiomarkerjointlower-limbmethodologynovelosteoarthritisvenous collection

Identifiers

PMID40893738
PMCPMC12398681

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.