Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40893686›Full record

ReviewActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B2025

Engineering strategies of sequential drug delivery systems for combination tumor immunotherapy.

Zhenyu Xu, Siyan Liu, Yanan Li, Yanping Wu, Jiasheng Tu, Qian Chen, Chunmeng Sun

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Ultrasound-responsive composite hydrogels: Design rules for spatiotemporally controlled drug delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zhenyu XuState Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
Siyan LiuJiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, and Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
Yanan LiSchool of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Yanping WuSchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
Jiasheng TuState Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
Qian ChenState Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
Chunmeng SunState Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over the past few decades, tumor immunotherapy has revolutionized the landscape of cancer clinical treatment. There is a flourishing development of combination strategies to improve the anti-tumor efficacy of mono-immunotherapy. However, instead of a straightforward combination of multiple therapeutics, it is more preferable to pursue a synergistic effect by designing rational combinations as well as administration strategies, which are based on a comprehensive understanding of the physiological and pathological features. In this case, the timing and spatial distribution of the combination drugs become essential factors in achieving improved therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, the concept of Sequential Drug Delivery System (SDDS) is proposed to define the spatiotemporally programmed drug delivery/release through triggers of internal conditions and/or external interventions, thus complying with the dynamic disease evolution and the human immunity. This review summarizes the recent advancements in biomaterial-based SDDSs used for spatiotemporally-tuned combination tumor immunotherapy. Furthermore, the rationales behind various engineering strategies are discussed. Finally, an overview of potential synergistic mechanisms as well as their prospects for combination immunotherapy is presented.

Indexed as

BiomaterialsCancer-immunity cycleCombination therapyLocal drug deliverySequential releaseSpatiotemporally-tuned deliverySystemic drug deliveryTumor immunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID40893686
PMCPMC12399215

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.