ArticleOphthalmology science
Retinal Structures in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results from a Case-Control Study.
Article in Ophthalmology science. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To assess retinal structures in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its correlation with cognitive impairments and brain volumes. Design: A retrospective case-control study. Subjects: Adults with ASD and matched neurotypical controls were identified from the UK Biobank (UKBB). The exclusion criteria included a history of neurodegenerative diseases, optic nerve pathology, retinal disorders, glaucoma surgery, high refractive error, or intraocular pressure outside the range of 6 to 21 mmHg. Methods: Using OCT images, 9 distinct retinal layers were segmented: the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer (INL), combined outer plexiform layer and outer nuclear layer, photoreceptor inner segment, photoreceptor outer segment, retinal pigment epithelium, and choroidoscleral interface. Cognitive function was evaluated using 4 standardized tests: pairs matching, prospective memory, numerical or verbal reasoning, and reaction time. Additionally, brain imaging-derived phenotypes from the UKBB were included in the analysis. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate associations. Main Outcome Measures: Differences in retinal layer thickness between autistic individuals and controls, and the association with cognitive impairment and brain volumes. Results: We examined 240 eyes, including 80 from autistic participants and 160 from matched neurotypical controls. Autistic participants showed significantly higher thickness in the inner retina (adjusted mean differences: 5.71 μm, 95% confidence interval [2.49-8.93], Conclusions: The inner retina may offer valuable insights into neurodevelopmental features in ASD, with observed associations with specific brain volumetric measurements. These findings could inform future research on ASD diagnostics and treatment. Financial Disclosures: Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.