ArticleMaterials today. Bio2025
A tumor microenvironment-responsive Zr-MOF nanosystem for co-delivering siHIF-1α and triptolide enhances photodynamic therapy in esophageal cancer by amplifying ROS generation and reversing hypoxia.
Article in Materials today. Bio, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Engineering metal-organic framework-based smart porous nanoplatforms for targeted therapy and theranostic applications.Smart molecules : open access · 2026Review
- Overcoming Photodynamic Therapy Resistance: GSH-Responsive AIE Photosensitizer-Hydroxycamptothecin Nanoliposomes for Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Article
- Triptolide: A Narrative Review of Its Traditional Use, Derivatives, Pharmacology, Antitumor Effect, and Clinical Applications.Cancers · 2026Review
- Anti-Cancer Research Progress of Triptolide: Mechanisms of Action, Structural Modifications, Nanodelivery Systems and Clinical Challenges.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Overcoming resistance to PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
In addition to early diagnosis and on-time treatment, the adoption of new therapeutic strategies is of great significance for improving the clinical outcomes of patients with esophageal cancer. Although emerging therapies such as photothermal and photodynamic therapy (PDT) can precisely eliminate cancer cells and are alternative strategies to conventional treatments, hypoxia status of solid tumors have hindered their application. In recent years, nanoplatforms have been developed to address these limitations and improve the efficacy and safety of treatments. In addition, triptolide (TPL) and HIF-1α silencing may have potential value in cancer treatment by regulating oxidative stress. Inspired by these findings, we designed a cancer cell membrane-camouflaged porphyrin (photosensitizer) metal-organic framework (Zr-MOF@CM) for the co-delivery of TPL and HIF-1α small interfering RNA (siRNA) into tumor cells and tissues. The nanoparticles (TPL/siHIF-1α@Zr-MOF@CM) achieved targeted drug/gene/PDT synergistic therapy for esophageal cancer. This portable "all-in-one" drug delivery system exhibited good biocompatibility, sensitive pH-dependent drug release, and effective phagocytosis by esophageal cancer Kyse-30 cells. In addition, the nanoparticles produced large amounts of ROS and released drugs under near-infrared light (660 nm) irradiation, which significantly increased the apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells. Meanwhile, TPL and siHIF-1α released from the nanoparticles alleviated the hypoxic condition, further improving the PDT effect. In vivo experiments confirmed that TPL/siHIF-1α@Zr-MOF@CM maintained a long circulation time in tumor-bearing mice, specifically targeted the tumor site, and played a synergistic role with PDT to effectively reduce tumor growth. Importantly, TPL/siHIF-1α@Zr-MOF@CM exhibited a favorable biosafety profile in vitro and in vivo. This nanosystem is suitable for enhancing oxidative damage at tumor sites and is instructive for future design of PDT-dependent nanoplatforms.
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