ArticleHealth affairs (Project Hope)2025
Geography And Fentanyl: Explaining The Disproportionate Rise In Opioid Overdose Deaths Among Black Americans.
Article in Health affairs (Project Hope), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fentanyl purity and overdose decline: A reexamination of geographic trends.Science advances · 2026Article
- Global burden and socioeconomic correlates of drug use disorders in women of childbearing age: insights from GBD and NHANES.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Fentanyl Purity and Overdose Decline: A Reexamination of Geographic Trends.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Coverage Limitations for Use of Urine Drug Testing in a State Medicaid Program.JAMA network open · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study investigated how geography helps explain the striking increase in opioid-related overdose deaths among Black Americans since the proliferation of fentanyl. Using mortality data from the period 1999-2020, we modeled annual overdose rates as a function of race and ethnicity and county of residence to identify the share of racial differences in overdose rate growth that could be attributed to location. Geographic incidence contributed little to racial and ethnic overdose disparities before 2013 but became an important factor during the fentanyl crisis. Between 2010 and 2020, roughly 40 percent of the additional growth in Black opioid-related overdoses versus White overdoses was attributable to differential geographic exposure to the fentanyl crisis. Overdoses involving opioids but not cocaine are largely attributed to geography, whereas overdoses involving both opioids and cocaine show a smaller geographic component. These findings underscore a possible role for place-based interventions to affect racial and ethnic disparities in overdose rates.
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Registered trials
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