ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025
Tumor-expressed GPNMB orchestrates Siglec-9
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immunosuppression: Two sides of the same coin.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- A convergent uPAR-positive tumor ecosystem creates broad vulnerability to CAR T cell therapy.Cell · 2026Article
- The role of the intratumoral microbiota in breast cancer metastasis and immune regulation: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CSF estrogens' relationships to neuroinflammatory markers and brain networks in middle-aged and older black and white women.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Roles of tumor-associated macrophages in triple-negative breast cancer progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Metastasis remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality, driven by complex interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a pivotal role in metastatic progression, yet their molecular diversity and upstream regulators remain poorly defined. Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB), overexpressed in subsets of tumors including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), is implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stemness. Recent single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) identified GPNMB as a marker of immunosuppressive TAMs associated with poor prognosis, but its mechanistic role in TNBC has remained unclear. Coculturing monocytic cells with three-dimensional TNBC spheres induced GPNMB
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.