Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40892794›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

The influence of kinematic viscosity of oils on the energy consumption of a gear pump used for pumping oil in machines and vehicles.

Łukasz Warguła, Łukasz Gierz, Olga Zharkevich, Bartosz Wieczorek, Łukasz Wojciechowski, Karolina Perz, Alexandra Berg, Andrey Berg, Darkhan Zhunuspekov, Asset Altynbaev and 2 more

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In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Łukasz WargułaInstitute of Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3120-778X
Łukasz GierzInstitute of Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland.
Olga ZharkevichDepartment of Technological Equipment, Mechanical Engineering and Standardization, Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4249-4710
Bartosz WieczorekInstitute of Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland.
Łukasz WojciechowskiInstitute of Machines and Motor Vehicles, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland.
Karolina PerzInstitute of Machines and Motor Vehicles, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland.
Alexandra BergDepartment of Technological Equipment, Mechanical Engineering and Standardization, Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
Andrey BergDepartment of Technological Equipment, Mechanical Engineering and Standardization, Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
Darkhan ZhunuspekovDepartment of Technological Equipment, Mechanical Engineering and Standardization, Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
Asset AltynbaevDepartment of Technological Equipment, Mechanical Engineering and Standardization, Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
Piotr KaczmarzykScientific and Research Centre for Fire Protection, National Research Institute, Józefów, Poland.
Anna DziechciarzScientific and Research Centre for Fire Protection, National Research Institute, Józefów, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The general theory of oil pumping using gear pumps shows that as kinematic viscosity increases, so does the energy requirement to drive the pump shaft. However, modern oils used in machines and vehicles are characterized by a wide range of modifiers that alter their physical and chemical properties. This article presents a study on the energy demand for driving a gear pump while pumping commercial oils used in machines and vehicles (16 types), such as those for combustion engines in single-drive and hybrid vehicles, gearboxes, hydraulic systems, shock absorbers, chainsaw lubrication, and two-stroke engine fuel mixtures. For the tested oils, kinematic viscosity was determined at 25°C and 50°C, and the mechanical power required to pump them at an ambient temperature of approximately 25°C was measured. Based on the measured power and rotational speed, the energy demand for driving the gear pump was calculated. The main analysis was conducted under recommended operating conditions, where the pump operates most efficiently-namely, at a rotational speed of 2000 rpm and a pressure of 20 MPa. It was shown that within the tested group, kinematic viscosity is not the primary factor determining the energy intensity of the oil pumping process. However, this relationship becomes more evident when oils are grouped by application. The energy consumption during pumping of oils with kinematic viscosity at 25°C ranging from 21 to 784.5 mm2/s varies from 606 to 734 Wh. The difference due to the type of oil is approximately 21%. The lowest energy consumption was observed for the HL 46 hydraulic oil, which, although not having the lowest kinematic viscosity, was specifically designed by the manufacturer for use with gear pumps-indicating that pump designs are tailored to the specific type of oil being pumped.

Indexed as

OilsBiomechanical PhenomenaViscosityOils

Identifiers

PMID40892794
PMCPMC12404408

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.