ReviewChemical reviews2025
Gel-Based Ionic Circuits.
Review in Chemical reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bioinspired Electrostatic-Field Perturbated Sensing for General Material Noncontact Perception.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Soft Iontronic Diodes: Materials, Mechanisms, and Progress.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Recent Advancements in Gel-Based Flexible Electronic Sensors.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A reconfigurable dielectric elastomer actuator via phase-transitional ferrofluid enables sustainable operation.Science advances · 2026Article
- Phase-Change Solvents for Thermally Switchable Ion Conduction in Organogels.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ionic circuits have emerged as a promising candidate to bridge the gap between biological and artificial systems by applying the mechanically compliant and adaptive nature of gels as ionic conductors. Gel-based ionic circuits exploit the intrinsic characteristics of ions, such as their mass, diversity, and local accumulation, to achieve selectivity, hysteresis, and chemical-electric signal transduction. Their dynamic and nonlinear behaviors not only emulate traditional solid-state electronic systems but also exhibit unique functionalities and operating mechanisms extending beyond established electronic paradigms. In this review, we categorize gel-based ionic circuits into four major functional classes: passive circuit elements, active circuit elements, power sources, and noncircuit elements. We comprehensively discuss the fundamental operating principles, materials strategies, and current challenges, eventually highlighting opportunities for future advancement in ionic devices.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.